In this second part of his trilogy Ellis sensitively criticizes Holocaust theology. Discerning its three themes as suffering and empowerment, innocence and redemption, specialness and normalization he presents an alternative re-interpretation of both Holocaust and the coming into existence of the State of Israel. In the end he sees solidarity with the Palestinian people as Jewish theology's decisive test: in this ''lies the possibility of moving beyond innocence and redemption, beyond a false normalization, to the deepest impulses of the Jewish people.
Beyond Innocence and Redemption: Confronting the Holocaust and Israeli Power; Creating a Moral Future for the Jewish People, San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1991